Mirror Visual Feedback to Improve Bradykinesia in Parkinson’s Disease

Mirror Visual Feedback to Improve Bradykinesia in Parkinson's Disease

Mirror visual feedback (MVF) therapy has been applied to improve upper limb function in stroke. When combined with motor training, MVF improves the performance of the trained and untrained hand by enhancing the excitability of both primary motor cortices (M1s). Bradykinesia is a typical feature of Parkinson's disease (PD), characterized by slowness in the execution of movement. This condition i...

Adaptation to Mirror Visual Feedback

The present study investigated motor adaptation of point-to-point reaching movements to mirror feedback in the sagittal plane. This is a novel paradigm that both displaces and inverts the visual feedback of the right hand, showing it as the left hand. This environment creates a conflict between proprioceptive (and somatosensory) and visual feedback through the direction of errors produced as th...

Targeting Tyrosine Hydroxylase to Improve Bradykinesia

The use of visual feedback, in particular mirror visual feedback, in restoring brain function.

This article reviews the potential use of visual feedback, focusing on mirror visual feedback, introduced over 15 years ago, for the treatment of many chronic neurological disorders that have long been regarded as intractable such as phantom pain, hemiparesis from stroke and complex regional pain syndrome. Apart from its clinical importance, mirror visual feedback paves the way for a paradigm s...

Subthalamic Beta Dynamics Mirror Parkinsonian Bradykinesia Months After Neurostimulator Implantation

BACKGROUND Exaggerated oscillatory activity in the beta frequency band in the subthalamic nucleus has been suggested to be related to bradykinesia in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, studies seeking correlations between such activity in the local field potential and motor performance have been limited to the immediate postoperative period, which may be confounded by a stun effect that leads t...